青藏铁路沿线自然灾害地理组合特征分析

The Characteristics of Natural Hazard Regional Combination Law along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway

根据青藏铁路沿线26个行政单元自然灾害的历史记录,对沿线的洪水、山洪、地震、雪灾、风灾以及滑坡、泥石流和崩塌等自然灾害进行量化分析,通过自然灾害灾种、频次的统计和聚类分析将青藏铁路沿线划分为6个自然灾害组合分区,其中,拉萨河谷路段主要以洪水、滑坡灾害为主;羌塘高原路段主要以雪灾、风灾为主,青南高原路段以雪灾、地震灾害为主;柴达木盆地路段以风灾、地震等灾害为主;青海湖盆地路段以洪水、雪灾为主;湟水谷地路段以洪水、山洪、滑坡灾害为主。拉萨河谷路段和湟水谷地路段的自然灾害类型组合具有相似性。

The Qinghai- Tibet railway is one of the most sensitive railways to natural hazards in China. Using the historical records of natural hazards in 26 administrative units along this railway, the hazards were quantitatively analyzed. According to the cluster analysis of natural hazards＇ frequencies, the railway can be divided into 6 sections, each corresponding to a natural hazard regional combination type. The Lhasa Valley section is dominated by floods and landslides. The Southern Tibet Plateau section is dominated by snow hazards and earthquakes. The Qaidam Basin is dominated by wind hazards and earthquakes. The Qinghai Lake Basin section is dominated by floods and snow hazards. The Huangshui Valley section is dominated by floods and landslides, which is very similar to the Lhasa Valley section.