信贷市场分割下中小银行的信贷优势分析

The Analysis of Advantages of Small and Medium Banks’Credit under the Conditions of Credit Market Separation

信贷市场存在两种分割:一种是大型企业信贷市场与中小企业信贷市场的分割,另一种是在中小企业信贷市场中高风险企业市场和低风险企业市场的分割。在信息不对称条件下,当大型银行的信贷成本高于中小银行时,中小银行将获得中小企业信贷市场;当两类银行的成本相等时,二者共同占有高风险中小企业信贷市场,而低风险中小企业市场为中小银行所独占。中国中小银行的信贷成本低于大型商业银行,所以不能依靠大型银行解决中小企业融资难问题。可以通过两种途径化解中小企业融资难的问题:降低中小银行进入门槛;降低中小银行的经营成本。

There are two kinds of credit market separation. The first is the credit market separation of large-scale enterprise and SME credit market. The second is, in the credit market of SME, the credit market separation of high-risk enterprise and low-risk enterprise. Under the conditions of asymmetric information, large bank will occupy the market if its credit cost is higher than small and medium ones＇, and they will share the credit market of high-risk SME if their credit costs are equal, while small and medium banks will exclusively occupy the market of low risk SME. Because Chinese small and medium banks＇ credit costs are lower than large banks＇, solving the difficulty of financing SME can not be relied on large banks. There are two ways to solve the difficulty： lowering the threshold of small and medium banks＇ entry; reducing small and medium banks＇ operation costs.