认知原理在对照语言学中的应用——日语授受关系句型与汉语的表达

Application of Principle of Cognitive Linguistics in Contrastive Linguistics: Comparing Sentence Structure of"Gives and Receives"Relation with the Chinese Expression

本文将日语授受关系句型中对于学习者来说难以掌握的典型用法与汉语表达相比较,尝试认知语言学原理在对照语言学中的应用。本文使用的认知语言学原理为池上提出的事态把握理以及Traugott提出的相互主观化原理。其中,Traugott的相互主观化原理在原有的基础上做了重新定义。本文的考察结果为,日语授受关系句型中体现了说话人主观的事态把握方式,而与其对应的汉语表达则体现了说话人客观的事态把握方式;另外,相互主观化现象在日语授受关系句型中有所体现,而在对应的汉语表达中没有体现。

This dissertation compares the typical usage of＂gives and receives＂relation in Japanese,which is hard to master for learners,with its Chinese expression,and tries the application of the principle of cognitive linguistics in contrastive linguistics.The principle of cognitive linguistics used in this dissertation is the principle of the situation grasp proposed by Ikegami and that of the mutual subjectification proposed by Traugott.We make a re-definition of Traugott’s principle of mutual subjectification.This dissertation concludes that Japanese＂gives and receives＂relation reflects the speaker’s subjective way to grasp the situation,while the Chinese expression reflects the speaker’s objective way to grasp the situation;Moreover,mutual subjectification phenomenon is reflected in Japanese＂gives and receives＂relation,while it is not reflected in the corresponding Chinese expression.