哲学类型学的视域与哲学思维方式“形状”的内在演变

The Perspective of Philosophical Typology and Intrinsic Evolution of Philosophical Thinking Way

从古希腊到近代哲学以及德国古典哲学的终结这一段时期,哲学思维方式是"垂直"式的,主要体现在本体论的思维方式,即通过对世界"本原"或逻辑"本体"的层级式追问过程展现出来。现代哲学思维方式是"平面"式的,用现象学表述就是"现象"与"本质"是共同存在的,两者之间没有相互剥离的痕迹。马克思主义哲学以历史"事件"为重心的唯物史观的思维方式主要体现为"呈现",这种"呈现"的思维方式立足于现实活动基础之上的"在世"的实践把握,具有理论解释与实践意蕴的双重功能。

During the time from ancient Greek to modern philosophy and the end of German classical philosophy, philosophical thinking way was vertical, which was shown mainly by ontology, i. e. , through the inquiry of world ＂origin＂ or logic ＂noumenon＂. Modern philosophical thinking way is ＂flat＂ and if expressed by phenomenology, phenomenon and essence coexist without the possibility of being stripped from each other. Marxist historical materialism adopts the thinking way of manifestation, which is based on ＂existing＂ practice of real activities with the double functions of theoretical explanation and practice.