论同源词系联比较法与古汉语植物命名探求

On the Comparative Method Linking to Cognate Words and the Ancient Chinese Plants Denomination

名物考证,尤其是古汉语植物命名探求历来是传统语言学中公认的难题。从方法论的角度探讨科学的名物训诂方法是解决问题的关键。在古汉语植物命名探求中,传统训诂中的"因声求义"法,即同源词系联比较法具有特殊的作用:不仅可以避免声训法释名的偏误,还可以比较相似植物命名义的不同,在辨正释名的故训异说方面也有重要的价值。

The textual research of the names and things,especially searching Chinese plants denomination is the recognized difficult problem in the traditional linguistics.The crux of the matter is to search the scientific ways of finding out the origin of the names and things from the point of the methodology.The article holds the idea that the method of searching meanings out of sounds,i.e.the compatative method linking to cognate words plays a very important role in the ancient Chinese plants denomination.This method can not only avoid making errors in sound-based word interpretation,but also distinguish the differences between the similar plants denomination,which is of the important value in analyzing the ambiguous ancient exegesis and the heterodoxy.