6McParland M, Noble LM, Livingston G. The effectiveness of problem-based learning compared to traditional teaching in undergraduate psychiatry [J]. Med Educ,2004,38(8):859～867.
7Norman GR, Schmidt HG. The psychological basis of problem-based leaning are view of the evidence [J]. Axad Med,1992,67(9):859～565.
8William AF. An antipodeam evaluation of problem-based leaning byclinicaleducctors [J]. Nurse Educ Today,1999,19(8):659～667.
9Seneviratne RD, Samarasekera DD, Karunathilake IM, et al. Students' perception of problem-based learning in the medical curriculum of the faculty of medicine, university of colombo [J]. Ann Acad Med Singapore, 2001,30(4):379～381.
