1Roshan J,Pati PK,Jose JV et al.Echocardiographic evaluation of ventricular dyssynchrony in patients with left bundle branch block.Indian heart,2008,60:567-573.
2Kang SJ,Song JK,Yang HS,et al.Systolic and diastolic regional myocardial motion of pacing-induced versus idiopathic left bundle branch block with and without left ventricular dysfunction.Am J Cardiol,2004,93:1243-1246.
3Emkanjoo Z,Esmaeilzadeh M,Mohammad Hadi N,et al.Frequency of inter-and intraventricula dyssynchrony in patients with heart failure according to QRS width.Europace,2007,9:1171-1176.
4Karapawich PP.Chronic right ventricular pacing and cardiac performance:the pediatric perspective.Paciing Clin Electrophysiol,2004,27:844-849.
5Prinzen FW,Hunter WC,Wyman BT,et al.Mapping of regional myocardial strain and work during ventricular pacing:experimental study using magnetic resonance imaging tagging.J Am Coll Cardiol,1999,33:1735-1742.
6Vernooy K,Verbeek XA,Peschar M,et al.Relations between abnormal ventricular impulse conduction and heart failure.J Interv Cardiol,2003,16:557-762.
7Ukkonen H,Tops L,Saraste A,et al.The effect of right ventricular pacing on myocardial oxidative metabolism and efficiency:relation with left ventricular dyssynchrony.Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging,2009,36:2042-2048.
8Ukkonen H,Beanlands RS,Burwash IG,et al.Effect of cardiac resynchronization on myocardial efficiency and regional oxidative metabolism.Circulation,2003,107:28-31.
9Manolis AS.The deleterious consequences of right ventricular apical pacing:time to seek alternate site pacing.Pacing Clin Electrophysiol,2006,29:298-315.
10Liu WH,Chen MC,Chen YL,et al.Right ventricular apical pacing acutely impairs left ventricular function and induces mechanical dyssynchrony in patients with sick sinus syndrome:a realtime three-dimensional echocardiographic study.J Am Soc Echocardiogr,2008,21:224-229.
3Antonis SM. The deleterious consequences of right ventricular apical pacing: time to seek alternate site pacing[ J ]. PACE ,2006,29 (3) : 298
4Tse HF, Lau CP. Long-term effect of right ventricular pacing on myocardial perfusion and function [J]. J Am Coil Cardiol, 1997,29 (4) :744
5Yu CM, Gorcsan J 3rd, Bleeker GB, et al. Usefulness of tissue Doppler velocity and strain dyssynchrony for predicting left ventricular reverse remodeling response after cardiac resynchronization therapy [J]. Am J Cardiol, 2007, 100(8) :1 263
6Wilkoff BL, Cook JR, Epstein AE, et al. Dual-chamber pacing or ventricular backup pacing in patients with an implantable defibrillator: the dual chamber and VVI implantable defibrillator (DAVID) trial [J]. JAMA,2002,288(24) : 3 115
7Sweeney MO, Hellkamp AS, Ellenbogen KA, et al. Adverse effect of ventricular pacing on heart failure and atrial fibrillation among patients with normal baseline QRS duration in a clinical trial of pacemaker therapy for sinus node dysfunction [ J]. Circulation, 2003, 107(23) :2 932
8Sade LE, Kanzaki H, Severyn D, et al. Quantification of radial me- chanical dyssynchrony in patients with left bundle brunch block and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy without conduction delay by tissue displacement imaging [ J ]. Am J Cardio1,200d. ,94 (4) :514
9Bedotto JB, Graybum PA, Black WH, et al. Alterations in left ventricular relaxation during atrioventricular pacing in humans [ J ]. J Am Coil Cardiol, 1990,15 ( 3 ) :658
10Victor F, Mabo P, Mansour H, et al. A randomized comparison of permanent septal versus apical right ventricular pacing: short-term results [ J ]. J Cardiovasc Electrophysio1,2006,17 ( 3 ) :238