带膜支架治疗食管恶性狭窄与食管支气管瘘的临床观察

Clinical observation of covered stent for malignant esophageal stricture and esophagus-bronchial fistula

目的评价自膨胀式带膜支架治疗晚期食管癌并发食管恶性狭窄或食管支气管瘘临床应用价值。方法对48例晚期食管癌在X线电视监视下置入自膨胀式带膜支架,其中食管恶性狭窄39例,食管气管(支气管)瘘9例。结果 48例中47例置入成功,1例下胸段食管癌因患有胃扭转置入支架失败。全部病例术后吞咽功能立即得到改善,并发食管—支气管瘘患者呛咳消失。全部病例术后出现胸痛、胸部异物感,症状多在1周内消失。1例术后出现呼吸困难,为左主支气管受压所致。8例于术后3～7个月发生再狭窄。本组47例术后平均生存期近7个月。结论自膨胀式带膜支架治疗晚期食管癌临床应用简单易行、安全可靠,有效提高生存期,临床应用前景广阔。

Objective To evaluate clinical value of self-expanded covered stems for advanced stage esophageal cancer complicated by esophageal stricture and esophagus-bronchial fistula. Methods Self-expanded covered stents were placed into 48 patients with advanced stage esophageal cancer under fluoroscopy. Of the 48 patients, 39 had malignant esophageal stricture and 9 had esophagus- bronchus fistula. Results Stents were successfully inserted into all but one patient with lower esophageal cancer and gastric volvulus. Deglutition was improved in all patients and coughing resolved in patients with esophagus-bronchus fistula. Thoracodynia and foreign body sensation vanished within one week after operation in all patients. Dyspnea caused by compression of the left main bronchus occurred in one patient. Re-stenosis of the stents occurred three to seven months after operation in eight patients. The mean survival time was seven months in all patients. Conclusion Self-expanded covered stent placement is a simple, safe and reliable treatment method for advanced stage esophageal cancer and can effectively lengthen survival time.