航线飞行技术性技能与航线飞行阶段任务的关系研究

AN EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TECHNICAL SKILLS AND LINE FLIGHT PHASES' MISSION IN AIRLINES PILOTS

通过文献、专家意见和问卷调查,构建了现代航线飞行技术性技能多维评价量表。对118名航线飞行员测评数据的验证性因素分析表明,由倾斜控制、偏航控制、平衡控制和速度控制构成的4维模型在飞行准备/滑行、起飞/爬升、巡航、下降/进近/着陆四个飞行阶段均有较好的信度和效度;多元回归分析发现,各维度对不同航线飞行阶段任务均有显著影响。航线飞行技术性技能评价量表的构建为现代航线飞行员选拔与训练、机组驾驶行为规范性评价以及飞行安全管理考核模式的设计奠定了一个良好的工作基础。

This article describes the establishment of multidimensional scale for the technical skills in airlines pilots basing on expert interview,literature analysis and questionnaire investigation.A sample of 118 airlines pilots completed a structured questionnaire of technical skills reflected through operating 4 common flight task in four lines flight phases.From a series of confirmatory factor analyses,4 stable dimensions of technical skills were elicited as Pitch Control,Yaw Control,Trim Control and Speed Control.Further multiple regressions with these 4 dimensions as predictor variables were made,it was indicated that the scale had a higher predictive validity and discriminative validity.However,the significant predictors varied with the different flight phases＇ mission.Multidimensional scale of flight technical skills could provide a good base for the design of airlines pilot selection,the diagnosis of the problematical flying behaviors and safety management in airlines.