大学生心理需求网络满足问卷的编制

DEVELOPMENT OF COLLEGE STUDENTS' PSYCHOLOGICAL NEED INTERNET GRATIFICATION QUESTIONNAIRE

从大学生网络使用可满足的心理需求出发,通过对网络成瘾者的深入访谈发展出与大学生网络使用有关的心理需求结构,编制了大学生心理需求网络满足问卷,分别选取418名和1183名大学生对问卷进行预试和正式施测,结果表明:(1)大学生心理需求网络满足问卷由权力、认同、迎接挑战、人际交往、逃避现实、自主、认知和成就等8种需求构成,问卷具有较好的结构效度和信度;(2)验证性因素分析结果表明大学生心理需求网络满足问卷的结构合理,模型拟合较好;(3)大学生网络使用的心理需求问卷和心理需求现实满足问卷与心理需求网络满足问卷具有相同的结构,其信度和效度达到了心理测量学的要求;(4)网络成瘾大学生和非成瘾大学生的心理需求并不存在显著差异,但网络成瘾大学生心理需求的现实满足程度显著低于非成瘾大学生,而网络满足程度显著高于非成瘾大学生,说明问卷具有较好的区分效度。这一结果同时提示在大学生网络成瘾中可能存在心理需求网络满足补偿机制。

This study aimed to develop College Students＇ psychological need internet gratification questionnaire.Firstly,22 college students with internet addiction were interviewed;secondly,the questionnaire were developed based on the results of interview;thirdly,418 college students were selected to fill the pilot questionnaire;the last,1183 college students from Wuhan to fill the formal questionnaire to test its reliability and validity.The results show：the questionnaire consists of 8 dimensions：power need,identity need,meeting challenge need,social need,avoiding reality need,autonomy need,cognition need and achievement need.It has good structure validity,consistency reliability,split-half reliability and retest reliability.The CFA shows that the model is best fit the data and has rational structure.The questionnaire can effectively differentiate college students with internet addiction disorder（IADs） and non-internet addiction disorders（NIADs）.The results suggest that Internet addiction may have psychological needs compensation mechanism on the internet among IADs.