口服避孕药与育龄妇女子宫肌瘤的关系

A cross-sectional study on relationship between uterus myoma and oral contraceptives among women of reproductive age

目的:了解农村育龄妇女子宫肌瘤的患病情况,分析其影响因素,探讨妇女口服避孕药(OC)与子宫肌瘤的关系。方法:采用整群抽样方法,在避孕药具不良反应监测试点调查已婚育龄妇女生育史、避孕方法应用和副作用发生情况,同时进行相关健康检查。结果:江苏省农村育龄妇女子宫肌瘤患病率为4.01%,当前使用OC的妇女子宫肌瘤患病率为5.63%。与从未使用OC组相比,当前使用OC组发生子宫肌瘤的RR为1.60(95%CI 1.24～2.06),既往使用OC组的RR为1.35(95%CI 1.11～1.64)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,子宫肌瘤患病率存在地区差异,年龄、体重指数(BMI)、当前使用OC可能与子宫肌瘤的发生有关。结论:40岁以上、BMI≥25kg/m2、当前使用OC的育龄妇女子宫肌瘤的患病风险略有升高,影响子宫肌瘤的其它因素有待进一步探讨。

Objective： To explore the prevalence of uterus myoma among the women of reproductive age,and to analyze the relationship between uterus myoma and oral contraceptives（OCs）.Methods： The study was carried out in Contraceptive Adverse Reaction Surveillance Sites by using a stratified cluster sampling method.A standardized interview questionnaire was used to collect information of reproductive history,contraceptives and their side effects.As well,the relevant laboratory and physical examinations were performed.Results： The overall prevalence of uterus myoma among the women of reproductive age in rural Jiangsu reached 4.01%.The prevalence of uterus myoma was 5.63% among the women of reproductive age who were using OC.In comparison with women who had never used OC,risk ratios for the women who were using OC were 1.60（95%CI,1.24-2.06）,and 1.35（95%CI,1.11-1.64） for the women who had ever used OC.The results of multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of uterine myoma included residence,age,body mass index（BMI）,and current use of OC.Conclusion： The risk of uterus myoma is slightly increased among the women of reproductive age who are over age 40,more than 25kg/m2 of BMI,and current use of OC.Other potential risk factors need to be evaluated in further studies.