抑癌基因P^(16)在结肠肿瘤中的表达意义

The Significanca of Tumor Suppressor Gene P^（16）Expressing in Colon Tumor

P16是新近发现的一种抑癌基因，其突变率高，分布广。本文运用S－P免疫组化方法，观察P16在结肠腺癌，正常结肠粘膜及癌前病变结肠乳头状腺瘤的表达并探讨P16在结肠腺癌发生、发展中的作用。结果表明：正常结肠粘膜阳性率80．8％，结肠腺癌阳性率36．7％，两者之间有显著差异（P＜0．01）；癌分化程度愈差，P16阳性表达愈低，在低度分化的腺癌组与高中度分化腺癌组有差异（P＜0．05）；淋巴结有无转移无差异，但无转移组阳性率（46．7％）明显比有转移组阳性率（26．7％）高；结肠乳头状腺癌阳性率52．4％，正常结肠粘膜与乳头状腺瘤之间有差异（P＜0．05）；乳头状腺癌与结肠腺癌之间无差异（P＞0．05）。作者认为P16的缺失及突变与结肠腺癌的发生、发展有密切关系，P16在乳头状腺瘤中已部分缺失及突变，因而乳头状腺癌容易癌变。

P16 was found recently as a tumor suppressor gene, its mutant rate is high and its distribution is wide. By the immunohistochemical method, P16expressions in colon carcinoma, normal colon mucomembrane and colon papilloadenoma were observed and the P16functions in colon adenocarcinogenesis were probed. The results showed that the peitive rate of normal colon mucomembrane was abeut 80. 8%, the positive rate of colon adenocarcinoma was about 36. 7%, and there was a significant difference between both of them (P < 0. 01).The poorer carcinoma differentiated, the lower P16 expressed, and there was a significant difference between the group of low differentiation and the group of middle/high differentiation (P < 0. 05), the positive rate of group immigration(46. 7%) was higher than of group migration(26. 7%). The positive rate of colon papilloadenoma was about 52. 4%, there was a significant difference between normal colon mucomembrane and colon papilloadenoma, but there was no significant difference between papilloadenma and adenocarcinoma (P >0. 05). The results suggested that the lack or mutation of P16 were closely related to colon adenocarcinoma, and the part lack or mutation of P16 in papilloadenoma would induce carciweenesis.