对于如何提高物理试题命制质量的新思考

New Thoughts of Questions about How to Improve the Quality of Physical Items

一份好的试题，不仅要在科学性上没有问题、在难度和区分度等指标上要符合考试的要求，同时还要注意从能力考查、教学导向、试题的教育功能等方面提升试题的质量。因此在命题过程中处理好题型功能与能力考查的关系，明确物理的学科能力要求与试题的能力层次设计等便显得尤为重要。这就需要命题者能认真研究学科的能力要求、研究影响试题难度的因素、研究学科能力层次的梯度。同时，还要注意从命题背景素材的选择、文字的表述、设问的角度等方面提升试题的品位。

A good test paper should not have scientitic problems and meet the test requirements on difficulty and discrimination. It should also pay attention to enhance the examination quality on testing the capacity, teaching- orientation, educational functions. Therefore, it is especially important to deal with the relations of propositional functions and ability test and to make it clear to meet the requirements of physical discipline and the design of different levels. So test writers need careful study the subject, the factors affecting difficulty, and the gradient level of academic ability. At the same time, they should also pay attention to choose the background materials, the statements, question views and raise questions taste.