明清东北地区民事法律制度变迁特点研究

Study on the Evolution Features of Civil Law Systems in Northeastern Area during Ming and Qing Dynasties

历代封建中央王朝都极力把中央权力渗透到边疆地区,使边疆的法律制度逐步内地化、趋同化,进而实现中央王朝稳定边疆的政治价值。稳定和秩序是社会得以正常运行的必要条件,要实现这种政治价值就必须要有一套制度体系作为载体。法律尤其是民事法律是民族精神的产物,它具有民族性,各民族均有自己的民间法,各自的民间法体现各民族的民族精神,而成为各民族的法律。由于封建帝国不注重民事问题,因此民事法律制度的这种趋同化较之于刑事法律制度缓慢得多,但是在缓慢的变迁中仍然体现出趋同与多元并存的局面。

Most of feudal dynasties tended to penetrate central powers to border regions, making their legal systems localized and institutionalized for the political attempt of stabilizing border regions under the control of central government. Stability and order are necessary conditions for the normal operation of society, where a set of rules are required. Laws particularly civil laws are products of ethnic spirit, so all ethnic groups should have their respective laws. Since the feudal empires neglected such ethnic issues, the convergence of civil laws developed much slower than criminal laws, yet the convergence and diversification coexisted in this slow evolution.