性别与民族身份的焦虑与建构——评桑托斯-费布莱斯的小说《塞壬娜/萨琳娜》

The Anxious Construction of Gender and National Identities in Sirena Selena

小说《塞壬娜/萨琳娜》通过描写波多黎各跨性别人的生活状况,表现了作者对于跨性别人的同情和对于性别身份的思考,解构了男性与女性二元对立的社会性别分类,并试图表明跨性别人存在的合理性。通过描写波多黎各在政治地位和文化形态上的他者形象、跨性别人存在的普遍性、种族的混杂性以及普遍的移民和流散现象,小说表明了界定和建构波多黎各民族身份的复杂性、艰巨性和必要性,批判了性别本质主义和波多黎各民族身份界定中出现的种族本质主义,探讨了建构性别身份和波多黎各民族身份新的可能性。

Sirena Selena describes the hard and risky life of the transgenderists in Puerto Rico, expressing the author＇s sympathy towards them and her considerations of gender identity. This article opines that this novel dismantles gender polarization and ap- peals for equal recognition to transgenderists. It also argues that Santos-Febres destabilizes any attempt to construct a monolithic, essentialized and homogeneous Puerto Rican nation- al identity by intersecting the nation＇s experience of otherness with the existential anxiety of the transgenderists, ethnic minorities and the diaspora, Finally, this article hopes to conclude that the novel registers the construction of a national identity in a multiplicity of transgressions, within and beyond the borders of gender, race and the national territory.