油菜不同氮素籽粒生产效率类型品种干物质生产及农艺性状差异

Differences of dry matter production and agronomic characters of rapeseed ( Brassica napus L. ) with different types of nitrogen utilization efficiency for grain production

2007～2008年度以98个甘蓝型常规油菜品种(系)为材料,通过测定初花期和成熟期不同器官干重和氮素含量以及成熟期植株农艺性状,采用组内最小平方和动态聚类方法将供试品种(系)按氮素籽粒生产效率(NUEg)从低到高依次分为6类,并研究不同类型材料间干物质生产和农艺性状差异。结果表明,成熟期总生物量、果壳干重和籽粒产量、一次分枝数和角果数可以作为NUEg的初步筛选指标。多元回归和通径分析结果表明,在干物质生产方面,成熟期籽粒和果壳干重对NUEg有显著影响,提高NUEg重点是提高花后角果干物质积累,尤其是籽粒干物质积累;在农艺性状方面,角果数、每角粒数和千粒重对NUEg有显著影响,提高NUEg首先应提高角果数,其次是每角粒数。

In this study,dry matter weight,nitrogen content and agronomic characters of 98 conventional rapeseed （ Brassica napus L. ） cultivars,under different nitrogen levels in 2007 ～ 2008,were tested. These cultivars were classified into 6 types based on their nitrogen utilization efficiency for grain production （ NUEg） level using MinSSw （ minimum sum of square within） method. Results showed that biomass,shell weight,yield,primary branches number and pods number could be primary selection criteria. Polynomial regression analysis and the path analysis showed that yield and shell weight significantly affected NUEg. Heavy pod weight,especially high yield, could lead to higher NUEg. Pod number,seeds per pod and 1 000-seed weight also affected NUEg significantly, which indicated that increasing pod number and seeds per pod could improve NUEg.