发展中经济部分私有化、环境税及其影响——基于一般均衡分析

Partial Privatization,Environmental Tax,and Effects for a Developing Economy:A General Equilibrium Analysis

在一般均衡框架下,分析了发展中国家的国有工业企业在部分私有化后,政府征收环境税对企业产量、劳动力就业以及社会福利水平的影响。研究发现,当政府能够决定环境税税率和国有控股比例的情况下,部分私有化和环境税将通过资本租金和工资率的变化来影响企业的产出量。工业企业产量的变化会进一步引起城市就业水平的变化,从而对社会福利水平以及农业企业中工人工资水平的变化产生影响。

This paper considers the effects on enterprise output, labor employment and social welfares when a government imposes the environmental tax via partial privatization of state-owned enterprises for a developing economy in a general equilibrium frame. We show that both partial privatization and environmental tax directly affect production of industrial enterprise via the induced change in the capital rental and wage rate when the government is able to control the environmental tax and the extent of privatization. The changes in the production of the industrial enterprises result in changes in employment level in the city. Consequently, it also affects the social welfares and wages of workers in agribusiness.