陕西省三大区域生态资本供需比较研究

Comparative study on supply and demand of ecological capital of the three regions in Shaanxi Province

采用生态足迹方法,对陕西省三大区域生态资本供需态势进行比较研究.结果表明,1991—2007年,陕西省三大区域人均生态承载力增幅均很小,人均生态足迹却都有较大幅度增长,生态资本供需形势日趋严峻,尤以关中地区为甚.陕南地区和陕北地区由20世纪90年代初的"生态盈余"发展到"轻度赤字"状态,关中地区则由"轻度赤字"发展成为现阶段的"较严重赤字"状态.2007年,陕北地区、陕南地区和关中地区人均生态赤字分别为0.27 hm2,0.19 hm2和1.15 hm2.关中地区尽管生态资本密度最大,但是人口密度和人均生态足迹也最大,因此生态资本供需缺口也最大.

Based on ecological footprint theory,a comparative study on the supply and demand of ecological capital of the three regions in Shaanxi Province is made.The analysis shows that the biocapacity change little yet ecological footprint increase quickly from 1991 to 2007.Therefore,the gap of ecological capital supply and demand become grave gradually in the three regions,of which in Guanzhong region is at the most serious situation among three regions.Shannan region and Shanbei region go through from deficit surplus stage from the early age in 1990s to mild stage,Guanzhong region change from mild stage to sub-acute severe stage during almost the same period.In 2007,the ecological deficit in Shanbei region is 0.27 hm2,of which in Shannan region is 0.19 hm2,in Guanzhong region is 1.15 hm2.The density of ecological capital in Guanzhong region is the highest among the three regions,whereas,the density of people and ecological footprint per person make the ecological demand more larger,therefore,the gap of ecological supply and demand of which are the largest.