基于最短路模型的动态订货研究及应用

Dynamic Order Submission Based on the Shortest Path Model:Theory and Application

针对市场对产品的需求随时间呈离散变化的情况,以动态最优化理论为基础,建立基于单产品多供应商动态订货递推模型,在此基础上引入最短路理论,将各时期的订货费用节点距离代替,建立了基于最短路模型的单产品多供应商动态订货网络模型,采用最短路的D ijkstra算法对网络模型进行求解。基于最短路模型的动态订货模型研究将动态订货递推关系转换成网络模型,网络图模型清楚显示费用流动情况,模型表达清晰,求解容易,容易得出满意解,通过对总成本控制来获得最优策略,实现低成本高效益的目的。

In view of the situation that the market demand for a product changes discretely with time,the paper establishes a dynamic order recursion model with single product and multiple suppliers on the basis of the dynamic optimization theory,and,thereon,introduces the shortest path theory into the model,substituting the order costs of different time period with nodal distances,thus establishing a dynamic order network model with single product and multiple suppliers based on the shortest path model which is solved by the Dijkstra algorithm.The shortest-path-model-based dynamic order model can convert the dynamic order recursion into a mode of network which is endowed with the advantages of distinct representation of cost flow,clear expression,easy solution,and greater availability of satisfactory solutions.