药用植物牛大力组织培养初探

Tissue culture of medicinal plant Millettia speciosa Champ.

以牛大力幼嫩茎段为外植体,采用0.1%HgCl2不同处理时间对外植体进行灭菌;以MS为基本培养基,探讨不同浓度6-BA(2.0、2.5 mg/L)和NAA(0.2、1.0 mg/L)对无菌外植体愈伤组织和芽的诱导效果;以1/2MS为生根培养基,分别附加不同浓度NAA(0～2.5 mg/L)和IBA(0～2.5 mg/L),探讨对生根培养的效果。结果表明,0.1%HgCl2处理15 min,外植体褐化率和污染率较低;MS培养基中添加不同浓度6-BA和NAA组合均能诱导牛大力茎段产生愈伤组织,但以添加1.0mg/L NAA的愈伤组织诱导率最高;添加NAA和6-BA可诱导牛大力茎段上的腋芽萌动再生,但最高出芽率仅78.6%;再生芽的适宜增殖培养基为MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.05 mg/L NAA,培养30 d,增殖倍数可达4～5倍;在培养基1/2MS+NAA 2.5mg/L+IBA 2.5 mg/L中培养,其生根率可达66.7%;经过炼苗,移栽到菜园土和河沙(3∶1)的混合基质中,30 d后试管苗的移栽成活率可达85%以上。

The young stems of Millettia speciosa Champ.were used as explants.After sterilization with 0.1% HgCl2 for 12,15 and 18 min,the callus and buds of explants were induced in MS medium added with different concentrations of 6-BA（2.0,2.5 mg/L）and NAA（0.2,1.0 mg/L）.The 1/2MS medium added with NAA（0-2.5 mg/L） and IBA（0-2.5 mg/L） was used to conduct root culture in induced plantlets.The results showed that the browning and infection rate of explants were lower when sterilized for 15 min by 0.1% HgCl2.The callus of explants could be induced in medium added with different combinations of 6-BA and NAA,but the induction rate of callus was the highest in medium added with 1.0 mg/L NAA.The axillary buds in stem could be germinated in media added with 2.0 and 2.5 mg/L 6-BA,but the highest germination rate only reached 78.6%.The best medium for multiplication of regenerated axillary buds was MS＋2.0 mg/L 6-BA＋ 0.05 mg/L NAA,the multiplication coefficient was 4.0-5.0 after cultured for 30 days.It was found that the rooting rate of multiplied buds was up to 66.7% in medium 1/2MS＋NAA 2.5 mg/L＋IBA 2.5 mg/L,and the survival rate of transplants reached 85% on 30 days after transplanted to mixed matrix of vegatable soil and river sand（3∶1）.