《宋史·循吏传》探究

Research on Biography of Morally Lofty Officials in Song Shi

《宋史·循吏传》所载十二位北宋循吏,有的出现于北宋初期,有的则出现于考课制度完备、甚至崇尚功利的北宋中后期。他们一般久居地方,敢作敢为,课绩优异,深得民众爱戴。不过,《循吏传》的代表性颇有不足。一是元史官对北宋原有循吏有所调整;二是在"崇道德、黜功利"原则指导下,一些循吏及其事迹出现残佚甚至偏颇的现象;三是受选录标准及范围等因素制约,一些政绩突出的地方官员始终未能成为宋元史官认定的循吏。

The 12 morally lofty officials in the Northern Song Dynasty were recorded in the biography of lofty officials in Song Shi,some of them were born in the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty,and the others emerged in the Mid-Late Northern Song Dynasty,which the merit systems were complicated and utilitarianism were worshiped.Normally,they stayed long in the locality,dared to do everything,with outstanding performances and common aspiration of the people.Their noble character and behavior were widely spread.However,firstly,some morally lofty officials were adjusted by historiographers in Yuan Dynasty.Secondly,because of the effect of worshipping the virtues and depreciating the utilitarianism,some morally lofty officials and their deeds turned to be broken and lost.Finally,limited by the factors of selective standards and scope,some magistrates who had prominent political achievements were not always able to be the morally lofty officials who should be recognized by historiographers.