城乡居民环境保护支付意愿对比研究——以云南纳板河流域为例

A Comparative Study of the Urban and Rural Residents' WTP for Environmental Protection:A Case Study at the Nanbanhe Watershed in Yunnan

应用意愿调查法(CVM)对西双版纳纳板河流域城乡居民对纳板河自然保护区的环境保护支付意愿进行对比研究,通过在纳板河流域下游的景洪市选取500个城市居民样本,在保护区内村寨选取300个农村居民样本,进行入户调查。结果表明,位于纳板河下游的景洪市区居民与位于纳板河自然保护区内村寨的农村居民相比,景洪城市居民愿意为此而支付的比例显著高于村寨农村居民。但是,那些意愿支付的农村居民,其平均支付意愿要高于意愿支付的城市居民。不论是城市居民还是农村居民,其家庭收入水平是显著影响支付意愿的一个因素。在城市,性别显著地影响居民的支付意愿。在农村,年龄和文化程度显著地影响居民的支付意愿。研究表明了城乡居民环境保护支付意愿的明显差异。

The contingent valuation method （CVM） is used to evaluate the willingness to pay （WTP） for environmental protection in the Nanbanhe Nature Reserve by the urban and rural residents from a comparative perspective. The study has 500 urban samples and 300 rural samples from a face- to-face interview. The result shows that more urban residents than rural residents are willing to pay for environmental protection. But those rural residents who are willing to pay have a higher payment rate than its urban counterparts. Household income is a significant variable in affecting the WTP of both urban and rural residents. Moreover, gender significantly affects the urban residents＇ WTP while age and education significantly affect the rural residents＇ WTP. It concludes that the urban and rural residents are quite different in many aspects regarding WTP for environmental protection.