全脑缺血大鼠肺、肾损伤的病理观察

Pathological Studies of Lung and Kidney Lesions after Complete Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

研究急性脑缺血对肺、肾组织的影响及其发病机制。方法对大鼠全脑缺血后再灌注1、3、6、72h的肺、肾、脑组织进行了病理观察。结果1h时肺间质有充血、肺泡腔内有少量浆液性渗出，3h、6h时可看到肺出血，以6h最明显，72h后肺泡腔内可看到较多的吞噬细胞。肾组织的变化不明显，部分6h的标本可看到近曲小管上皮细胞浊肿变性，其余组别无明显变化。肺、肾组织无中性细胞浸润。结论全脑缺血后再灌注早期动物有明显的肺组织损伤，这可能是脑梗死患者易于发生肺部感染的原因。

To determine the lung and kidney lesions and their pathogenesis after cerebral ischemia. Methods After complete cerebral ischemia was applied for ten minutes and reperfused for 1, 3, 6 and 72 hours (n = 6, respectively), Wistar rats were killed and the lung and kidney lesions were observed. Results Hyperemia and exsudates were observed in the pulmonary alveoli while being reperfused for 1 hour. At 3 or 6 hour's, especially the later, there was a great deal of plasmic exudation in alveoli. Meanwhile, rats had suffered from pulmonary heamorrhages and local emphysema. Large pulmonary alveoli were formed and local tissue was solidified. A lot of mononuclear phagocytes appeared in the alveoli when survived for 72 hours. The lesions in kidneys were unremarkable unless cloudy swelling was found in the epithelial cells of proximal convoluted tubules at 6 hour's. Neutrophils were not found either in tissues of lungs or kidneys at any group. Conclusiou The marked pulmonary lesions after cerebral ischemia might express the liability of patients to suffer pulmonary infection after cerebral infarction.