滇池流域点源污染负荷总量变化趋势及原因分析

Change trend and reason analysis of point source pollution load of the Dianchi Lake Basin

对滇池流域近20年来的点源污染负荷产生量和削减量进行了核算,分析了其变化的趋势和主要原因。在8个污水处理厂及两个截污泵站的共同运行下,滇池流域COD、总氮和总磷3种污染物的削减量从1993年的1 542 t,177 t和13 t,分别增加到2007年的40 581 t,5 193 t和637 t。总体而言,生活污染源是主要的污染源,是流域污染物产生量增长的主要因素,流域内经济的发展和城市化进程的加快,人口数量急剧增长,是滇池污染物产生量增加的主要原因。

In this paper,yield and reduction of the Dianchi Lake basin point source pollution load of the past 20 years were calculated and the change trend and reasons to it were analyzed.The results indicated that point source wastewater,COD,total nitrogen and total phosphorus discharge from the whole Dianchi Lake basin in 2007 were 26 368 t,55 913 t,11 222 t and 1 008 t respectively,and compared to that of 1988,the growth rate of those mentioned above were 73.69 %,203.27 %,246.99 % and 301.55 %,among which the growth rate of living pollution were 174.43 %,296.58 %,342.90 % and 462.86 % respectively,however the industry pollution has been controlled,the pollution load was decreased by 36.43 %,6.36 %,49.24 % and 69.87 %.With the cooperation of 8 sewage treatment plants and 2 pumping stations,from 1993 to 2007,the reduction of COD,total nitrogen and total phosphorus discharged from the Dianchi Lake basin increased from 1 542 t,177 t and 13 t to 40 581 t,5 193 t and 637 t,which was the main reason that the environment of the Dianchi Lake stopped worsening.It can be concluded that,living pollution is the main pollutant source,and the major factor to the growth of pollution load in the Dianchi Lake basin.