声带良性增生性疾病的元音语图分析

Sonogram Analysis of Vowel in Patients With Benign Vocal Fold Lesions

目的研究正常人及声带良性增生性疾病患者元音语图声学特征，探讨该测试方法在声带良性增生疾病的诊断及治疗中的应用价值。方法采用“电子计算机声学测试系统”对５０例正常成人及５０例声带良性增生性疾病患者发持续元音／ａ／时的声音信号进行检测，分析元音语图谐波、共振峰及噪声成分特征及变化规律。结果声带良性增生性病变者语图表现谐波及共振峰不规则、断裂甚至缺失，噪声成分增加。病理语图分为三种类型，可反映心理听觉评价的嗓音嘶哑程度。喉显微手术后语图可表现谐波及共振峰规律及连续性逐渐恢复，噪声成分逐步减少。结论计算机元音语图测试方法简单、有效，可为声带良性增生及其它嗓音疾病者声音嘶哑程度的判断及疗效评价提供客观依据。

Objective To study the acoustic characteristics of vowel sonogram in normal adults and patients with benign vocal fold lesions and explore it's effect on diagnosis and treatment of benign vocal fold lesions. Methods Measurement of voice signal was made using micro-comp uter and acoustic software during sustained phonation of vowel /a/ in 50 healthy subjects and 50 patients with benign vocal fold lesions.The harmonic waves,formants and noise of the sonogram were analysed. Results There were significant differences of acoustic characteristics between normal and pathologic groups. The sonogram in benign hyperplastic vocal fold lesions showed irregularity,breakage or lack of harmonic wavesand formants,and increase of noise.A three-point scale was used to rate the pathologic sonogram,which reflected hoarse degree judged by perceptual analysis. Postoperative findings included improvement of harmonic waves and formants with decrease of noise. Conclusion The present study suggested that the vowel sonogram is a simple and effective procedure for estimating hoarse voice and evaluating treatment in benign vocal fold lesions and other voice diseases.