基于心理契约破裂的护士长工作倦怠研究

Study on Psychological-Contract-Breach-Based Job Burnout of Head Nurses

目的探讨心理契约破裂对护士长工作倦怠的影响。方法便利抽取福州市和南昌市8家综合性三级甲等医院246名护士长,进行护士长心理契约和工作倦怠的问卷调查。结果护士长工作倦怠呈中等水平,其中情感枯竭最严重,为(2.861±0.776)分,其次是玩世不恭(2.117±0.841)分和成就感低落(2.018±0.666)分;护士长心理契约中,医院现实责任破裂得分最高(2.364±0.750)分。多元逐步回归分析显示:医院团队责任破裂、医院发展责任破裂对情感枯竭具有正向影响,医院团队责任破裂、护士长团队责任破裂对玩世不恭具有正向影响,护士长发展责任破裂对成就感低落具有正向影响(P<0.05)。结论心理契约破裂是护士长工作倦怠的影响因素。提示管理者可以通过恰当履行心理契约,降低护士长的工作倦怠水平。

Objective To explore the influence of psychological contract breach on job burnout of head nurses. Methods 246 head nurses from 8 comprehensive Class m Grade I hospitals in Fuzhou and Nanchang were surveyed on psychological contract and job burnout. Results Head nurses questioned were with medium level job burnout. And emotional exhaustion was the most serious factor （2.861±0.776）. In the psychological contract of head nurses, breach of hospital＇s responsibility was ranked as the top one, （2.364±0.750）. The result of multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that breaches of hospital team responsibility and hospital development responsibility were positively related with emotional exhaustion, breaches of hospital team responsibility and head nurse team responsibility were positively related with cynicism, breach of head nurse development responsibility was positively related with reduced personal accomplishment（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Breach of psychological contract affect job burnout of head nurses. Hospital managers should lower the job burnout by performing psychological contract appropriately.