绿色马克思主义的抽象与具体:马克思恩格斯思想的生态轨迹总结篇

The Emergence of Green Marxism

本文从马克思的哲学观、历史观以及政治经济学三个视角切入,尝试回答以下问题:马克思怎么看待自然?他如何分析人类与自然的关系?如何透过马克思主义来理解当代环境问题?作者发现,经由哲学、历史以及政治经济学这个从抽象到具体的分析,为人们探索现下环境问题的症结提供了一个完整的分析架构。这种研究方法由物质生产出发,使研究者能进出于抽象与具体之间,系统地对现存的资本主义社会形构进行批判。这三个层次的体系分析,是当代生态学最薄弱的部分;正因为如此,这三个分析层次的视角也是当代绿色马克思主义的起点。

This is the final article in the series of ＂An Ecological Interpretation of Marx and Engels＂ . We argue that although Marxism provides a fresh insight into the way we understand current environmental problems, analysts can no long use traditional Marxism as such without re - conceptualizing or re - contextualizing it. Three analytical tools are especially useful in broadening modern green ideologies： the dialectical understanding of nature, the historical materialism, and the critique of capitalism. We suggest that the final element, i.e. the critique of capitalism, is the most pivotal in establishing green Marxism. It is however mistaken to overlook the importance of the others. To conclude this series, we argue that future studies should focus on the dialectical understanding of environmental issues, to which Marxism has the most to contribute.