曲词发生史研究的学术史误区

On Some Literature History Misunderstandings in Quzi Ci Generative History Studies

目前学界关于词的起源问题众说纷纭,甚至对词的界说也歧见颇多。其实,词是借鉴近体诗格律以词调来定型的诗,以近体诗格律将其定型化,来表现其原本产生时期的音乐性,这是词的特征表现。在此界说以及对二十世纪以来关于词源问题的各种说法加以述评的基础上,论证词体产生于盛唐宫廷文化,词体发生的诗歌史原因,在于宫廷音乐消费由六朝乐府歌诗,向初唐近体歌诗,再向盛唐声诗转型之后向曲子转型的产物;音乐史原因,则是宫廷音乐经历魏晋南朝的清乐、北朝隋代初唐的燕乐,再到开元天宝的重归清乐,经历法曲中枢,引导了声乐消费形式的曲子的出现。

Currently there are various theories on the origin of Quzi Ci and different definitions of Ci. it is argued in this paper that Ci is a kind of poetry characterized in melody based on the meters of recentstyle poetry, which was later fixed with the recent-style meters for expression of the original music quality. On basis of the definition this paper reviews the theories as from 20th century on the origin of Ci, and proves that Ci originated from court euhure in the flourishing Tang period. The poetry-historical cause of its origin lies in the shift of court music consumption from Yue Fu poetry in Six-dynasty period, through recent-stile poetry in early Tang period and melodic poetry in flourishing Tang period to Quzi （tune） ; the music-historical interpretation of its emergence is an evolution from pure music （qingyue） in Wei, Jin and Southern Dynasty periods and banquet music （yanyue） in Northern Dynasty, Sui and early Tang periods to revival pure music in Kaiyuan and Tianbo period of Tang Dynasty and finally through the carrier of Buddhist music （faqu） to Quzi which led then fashion of music consumption.