西方社会学视角下我国青少年体育参与历程及结果

Analysis of the course and result of sports participation by teenagers in China from the perspective of western sociology

从西方社会学视角,运用功能分析方法、访谈法对青少年体育参与的历程与结果以及体育参与与社会环境相互影响过程进行社会学分析,以期为青少年体育参与的社会化研究提供参考。结果发现:青少年体育参与的开始与持续、中止与退出的决策与社会和文化背景有关,并且是随社会环境变化而持续决策的过程;青少年运动员体育参与的结果是多数人在持续、大强度的运动训练中,因劳累过度与身份缺失等原因停止运动并转向其他方面,以便更好地融入社会;而伴随青少年体育参与过程出现的以"业绩主导"为原则的功利性追求,与体育参与最初的"乐趣参与"背道而驰,并因此给青少年和社会造成了严重的负面影响。

From the perspective of western sociology, the authors performed a sociological analysis on the course and result of sports participation by teenagers, as well as the mutual influence between sports participation and social environments by applying the function analysis method and by means of interview, so as to provide a reference for studying the socialization of sports participation by teenagers. The authors revealed the following findings： teenagers＇ decisions to start, continue, terminate or quit sports participation are related to social and cultural backgrounds, and keep changing as social environments change; the result of sports participation by teenagers is that most teenagers stopped exercising and shifted their focus to other things for reasons such as excessive fatigue and status loss during continuous high intensity sports training, so as to blend into the society better; the utilitarian pursuit based on the ＂performance orientated＂ principle, which occurs throughout the process of sports participation by teenagers, is contradictive to the original idea of ＂participation for fun＂ for sports participation, and therefore has caused serious negative effects on teenagers and the society.