鄂西南某少数民族聚居区艾滋病流行现况及流行趋势分析

An Analysis of the Current Situation and Trend of HIV/AIDS in Minority Areas of Southwestern Hubei Province

目的分析鄂西南某少数民族聚居区艾滋病流行现况及流行趋势,为制定防控策略和措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学研究方法对该地区历年的AIDS疫情监测资料进行回顾性分析,使用EpiData3.1软件和SPSS16.0 for Windows软件分别进行数据录入和统计分析。结果该地区AIDS疫情经历传入期、扩散期后现正处于快速增长期;辖区内6县2市均出现感染病例,最先发现病例的丁县、丙县尤其严重;感染者以20~50岁年龄段的男性青壮年为主,男女性别比逐渐接近1∶1;职业以农民为主;民族以汉族、土家族为主;已婚有配偶者占绝大多数;异性性传播逐渐取代有偿献血（浆）传播成为最主要的传播途径。结论该地区爱滋病疫情涉及面广、地区分布差异大;传播途径由经有偿献血（浆）传播为主转为经异性性传播为主;疫情由特定人群向普通人群扩散。

Objective To analyze the current situation and trend of HIV/AIDS in minority areas in southwestern Hubei province and provide evidence for developing prevention and control strategies.Methods A descriptive study was conducted on the previous surveillance data for retrospective analysis.Data were double entered by EpiData 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS 16.0 for Windows.Results There have been three prevalence phases,entry phase,expansion phase and rapid phase.Infection cases were discovered all over the administrative county,D county and C county were particularly serious.The young men who aged between 20 and 50 were the major group of HIV/AIDS infectors,and sex ratio was gradually close to 1∶1.Han and Tujia farmers who were married with spouse were the major groups.Heterosexual transmission was gradually the major source of transmission,replacing paid blood and plasma donation.Conclusion The epidemic situation of AIDS appears a wide and different distribution in this region.The major source of transmission was through heterosexual contact,and HIV/AIDS is spreading from specific people to the general population.