农产品国际贸易中私营标准及其影响研究

Study on Commercial Private Standards and Its Effects on Agro-product Trade

私营商业标准对发展中国家的影响是国际贸易领域的新争论点之一。对于我国茶叶、蜂产品部分企业的调查发现,私营标准的实施的确提高了生产供应企业的市场竞争力,但其表面的自愿性与实际的强制性使生产供应企业不得不为满足相应的要求而增加投入,这对生产供应企业特别是中小生产企业构成重大挑战。同时,实施私营标准对于提高企业效率、增加利润以及改善社会和环境表现等效果尚不明确,不同产品之间差异较大。

The impact of various and strict commercial private standards on developing countries has become one of dispute focal points in international trade. The survey on part of Chinese tea and honey businesses discloses that the implementation of private standards do enhance company competitiveness; however, the compliance cost also becomes a great challenge for medium-size and small manufacturers. And the enhancement of business efficiency and profit, and the improvement of social and environment performance that come from the implementation of private standards are not remarkable, and it＇s diverse for different products.