淮北采煤塌陷区小型湖泊浮游甲壳动物群落结构的季节变化

Seasonal variations on community structure of crustacean zooplankton in a small lake of an excavating coal subsidence region in Huaibei City

2005年3月至2007年2月对淮北采煤塌陷区小型湖泊--南湖浮游甲壳动物进行了连续两年的调查.共记录浮游甲壳动物15种,其中枝角类9属9种、桡足类5属6种.透明溞(Daphnia hyalinaLeydig)和汤匙华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus dorrii Brehm)为冬、春季优势种;象鼻溞(Bosmina sp.)、短尾秀体溞(Diaphanosoma brachyurumLiéven)、广布中剑水蚤(Me-socyclops leuckarti Claus)和球状许水蚤(Schmackeria forbesi Poppe et Richard)为夏、秋季优势种.浮游甲壳动物密度和生物量分别为0.4-60.6ind./L和0.01-1.25mg/L,夏、秋季较高,冬、春季较低.枝角类的密度和生物量在2005年和2006年10月均达到最大值,分别为44ind./L和1.01mg/L.哲水蚤的密度最大值(20.0ind./L)出现在2005年4月,而剑水蚤(21.7ind./L)出现在2005年8月.无节幼体在各月份均有较高密度,其最高密度(46.6ind./L)和生物量(0.14mg/L)出现在2006年3月.温度和浮游植物是影响南湖浮游甲壳动物群落结构季节变化的重要因素.

The community structure and seasonal variations of crustacean zooplankton in Lake Nanhu,a small lake of an excavating coal subsidence region in Hnaibei City, were investigated during March 2005 to February 2007. A total of 15 species was recorded, among which 9 species （9 genera） were cladoceran and 6 species （5 genera） were copepoda. Daphnia hyalina and Sinocalanus dorrii were the dominant species in winter and spring, while Bosmina sp. ,Diaphanosorna brachyurum, Mesocyclops leuckarti and Schmackeria forbesi were the dominant species in summer and autumn. The density and biomass of crustacean zooplankton ranged between 0.4 -60.6ind./L and between 0.01 - 1.25mg/L,respectively. They were much higher in summer and autumn and relatively lower in winter and spring. The maximum eladoceran density （ approximately 44ind./L） and biomass （ 1.01 mg/L） occurred in Oetobers of 2005 and 2006. The maximum calanoid density （ 20.0ind./L） appeared in April 2005, while that of cyclopoid density （21.7ind./L） occurred in August 2005. A high abundance of nauplii was observed in each month, and its maximal density （46.6ind./L） and biomass （0.14mg/L） occurred in March 2006. Temperature and phytoplankton were the important factors affectinz seasonal variations of crustacean zooplankton in Lake Nanhu.