提高电镀金刚石钻头质量的试验研究

Improving the quality of electroplated diamond bit

电镀金刚石钻头目前多采用镍基合金胎体,在钻进硬而完整的岩石中能取得好的效果,但在钻进较破碎的和强研磨性岩石时,钻头的耐磨性不理想,主要表现为钻头的保径能力较差,导致钻头的使用寿命缩短,这是电镀金刚石钻头需要解决而长期尚未解决好的问题。本论文针对电镀金刚石钻头的这个薄弱环节进行了试验与研究,采用二次成型工艺和阴极移动方法,明显地提高了钻头的保径效果。采用二次成形方法的电镀钻头平均寿命提高22%;而采用阴极移动方法的电镀钻头的硬度平均提高8%,耐磨性提高26%。基本上实现了钻头的同步磨损,明显地提高了钻头的使用寿命。

Diamond bits usually adopt nickel based matrix,good drilling effects can be obtained when drilling in hard and intact rock formations.However,the wear resistance of diamond bit matrix is unfavorable when drilling in rock formations which are relatively fragmentized and strongly abrasive.As a result,poor bit gauge protection resulting in a short service life of diamond bit are frequently encountered,which remains one of the problems unsolved for a long time.This paper introduced two-stage molding and moving-cathode techniques,which resulted in remarkable improvement in gauge protection.The service life of diamond bit was prolonged by 22% by means of the two-stage molding technique,the average matrix hardness and wear resistance of diamond bit were improved by 8% and 26% respectively,owing to the adoption of moving-cathode method.So that the synchronized wear of diamond bit was basically realized and the service life of diamond bit was improved obviously.