江湖浅滩血吸虫生态控制技术探讨

Discussion on ecological control technology for schistosomes in river and lake shoals

血吸虫的危害以及造成的心理恐惧严重制约了水资源的利用与湖区经济的发展。针对我国血防目前的形势以及钉螺出现的反弹趋势,在药物杀灭受到环保限制的情况下,按照资源节约与环境友好的生态理念,通过加大钉螺天敌—青鱼的投放增殖与保护以及江湖浅滩中的克氏螯虾的生态开发利用,可弥补水生态系统中鱼类资源衰退、渔业结构失衡等生态功能障碍;通过生态食物链的完善,降低钉螺的生存空间;在血吸虫严重的湖区,通过加快青鱼的苗种培育、增殖及克氏螯虾生态产业的发展,率先开展生态控螺的技术示范,有望长效控制血吸虫病的流行。

The harm and the psychological fear caused by schistosomes have restricted the utilization of water resources and the development of regional economy seriously.In the light of the current situation and rebound tendency of schistosomiasis in China,we should strengthen the release,reproduction and protection of black carps,which is the natural enemy of snail,and the ecological use of red swamp crayfish in shoals,to deal with the fish resources regression and the unbalance of fishery structure according to the concepts of environment-friendly and resources saving.Through perfecting the food chain,we can reduce the living space of snail.By accelerating the rearing of black carps and industrial development of red swamp crayfish in schistosomiasis overflowing area,and popularizing the ecological control method for sail,it is hoped that the prevalence of schistosomiasis can be controlled effectively in a long-term.