西藏牧草和作物秸秆热值研究

Study on caloric value of forages and crop straws in Tibetan Autonomous Region

对西藏牧草和常见作物秸秆热值进行了研究。结果表明:69个牧草的干质量热值和去灰分热值分别为16.06～20.68 kJ/g和17.83～22.47 kJ/g;天然牧草热值水平低于栽培牧草。所有牧草去灰分热值均高于世界陆生植物平均值(17.79 kJ/g),其中95.65%的牧草属于中高热值牧草。各科牧草干质量热值和去灰分热值排列顺序不同,而灰分含量是造成该差异的主要原因;作为牲畜主要饲草种类的禾本科牧草平均去灰分热值高达20.46 kJ/g。几种常见作物秸秆热值含量较牧草低,平均去灰分热值含量为17.75 kJ/g,但也接近世界陆生植物的平均水平。作物秸秆的干质量热值和灰分含量呈极显著线性负相关。

The caloric value of forages and common crop straws in Tibetan Autonomous Region were studied.The results showed that the gross caloric value（GCV） and ash free caloric value（AFCV） of 69 forages ranged from 16.06 to 20.68 kJ/g and 17.83 to 22.47 kJ/g,respectively.Cultivated forages showed higher caloric value than natural forages.AFCV of all the 69 forages were relatively higher than that of the terrestrial plants in the world.95.65% of the forages belonged to medium or high caloric value forage.The arrangement of AFCV differed within families,which could be explained by the difference of ash content.The average AFCV of graminaceous forages,which were the main feed resources for livestock,was 20.46 kJ/g.Meanwhile,the caloric value content of the forages was higher than that of the crop straws,whose AFCV was 17.75 kJ/g on average,close to the average caloric value of terrestrial plants in the world.GCV of the crop straws showed negative correlation with ash contents.