大丰麋鹿保护区冬季鸟类群落特征

Avian Community in Winter in Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve

2009年12月,2010年1月、2月,采用样线调查法对江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区内7种不同生境类型的鸟类群落进行调查。共记录鸟类13目29科71种,其中国家Ⅰ、Ⅱ级保护鸟类8种,占总物种数的11.3%。鸟类的季节型,以留鸟比例最大,占38.0%;鸟类的地理型以广布种鸟类最多,占42.3%。从鸟类数量来看,稀有种的种类最多,占鸟种类总数的50.7%,其留居类型以留鸟最多,占鸟类种数的38.0%;密度最大的优势种鸟类种类最少,占鸟类种数的11.3%,其季节型以冬候鸟最多。7种生境中,落叶阔叶林群落植被结构最复杂,鸟类种数、多样性和均匀度最大,而植被结构较简单的互花米草草滩群落最小。

Avian community in winter in 7 habitats of Dafeng National Nature Reserve was surveyed by sample line method from December 2009 to February 2010.Following data was recorded：71 bird species,29 families and 13 orders,8 species were in National Protected List of CategoryⅠandⅡ,11.3%of the total;the largest part of birds was residents,38.0%, cosmopolitan species were 42.3%;number of species was the highest for rare species of the lowest density,50.7%of the total species;traveler birds were the most numerous and common species were the next,38.0%of the total;number of resident species was the most numerous,while the dominant species of the highest density were the fewest,11.3%of the total;winter visitors were the most numerous.Among the 7 habitats,broad leaved forest community has the most complicated structure, number of bird species,diversity and superiority,while Spertina alterniflora community has the fewest.