鸸鹋性别鉴定的分子标记方法

Molecular method of sex identification in Emu

试验建立了平胸总目鸟类鸸鹋的快速、简单、准确的性别鉴定方法。利用非伤害性取样方法,从鸸鹋羽毛中提取了基因组DNA,经18对与性别相连锁引物组合的筛选,最终筛选出1对有效引物,对3对已知性别鸸鹋及60只未知性别鸸鹋的基因组DNA进行特异性扩增。结果表明,这对引物组合在雄性鸸鹋中未扩增出片段,而在雌性鸸鹋中扩增出1条片段,其片段长度为536bp。由此可知,这对引物组合可以对鸸鹋性别作出准确鉴定。

Emu（Dromaius novaehollandiae） is ratite birds. Beacuse the male and female Eum have the same morphous, it＇s difficult to identify the sex with morphological method, stridulation and genitalia examination, which challenged the couple and human-assisted breeding of Emu. Although there were many reports about the sex identification of birds, they did not say whether these methods adapted to ratite birds. The purpose of this study is to establish a fast, simple and accurate method to identify the sex Emu. In this study, genome DNA was extracted from feathers by using nondestructive sampling method and a combination from 18 combinations of primer. Sex gene sequences were amplified and compared in three pairs of sex-known and sixty individuals of sex-unknown Emu. The results showed that male birds displayed zero distinct amplification band, whereas one different band was amplified for each female ones in Emu. In this paper, a partial fragment was cloned and sequenced, and the length of the fragment was 536 bp. The method could solve the problem that the sexes of ratite birds were difficult to be distinguished by their appearance as both male and female emu had the similar looks.