秸秆深施对土壤蓄水能力的影响

Effect of straw deep application on soil water storage capacity

对耕地进行秸秆深施,可提高土壤的入渗速率,增加土壤蓄水空间和能力,提高降水的利用率,是缓解干旱半干旱地区农田的水分匮乏的有效措施。将厚度为8cm的大豆秸秆、玉米秸秆和水稻秸秆分别深施于宽5cm、深28cm的沟中并回填土壤,研究其蓄水效果。结果表明,秸秆深施后,地表下0～20cm的土壤含水量比对照地提高了0.5%～2.0%,深度越接近秸秆深施处土壤含水量越大,反之越小,深施玉米秸秆和水稻秸秆的蓄水效果与对照地有显著差异(P<0.05),而深施大豆秸秆的蓄水效果无显著差异(P>0.25)。

Straw deep application in the arid and semi-arid arable land is an effective measurement to alleviate the water shortage, which can improve the permeability of the soil, soil water storage space and the ability, in order to raise the utilization rate of precipitation. Soybean straw, corn straw and rice straw （8 cm thickness）were selected as the materials for straw deep application and were deeply imposed on 5 cm wide, 28 cm depth ditch with backfilling of soil, their effects on soil water storage capacity was investigated in this research. The results showed that the water content of land treated by straw deep application increased by 0.5%-2.0% under the sub-surface of 0-20 cm soil compared to that with the contrast land. The significant effects of corn straw and rice straw deeply applied with on soil water storage capacity were found （P〈0.05）, but no significant difference was observed for the soybean straw compared to the contrast land（P〉0.25）.