职业教育的发展与中国农村劳动力流动

Development of Vocational Education and Training (VET) and Shift of Laborers in Rural China:Background,Problems and Countermeasures

中国农村劳动力流动是在巨大的城乡差距、产业结构调整和城市化进程背景下发生的;职业技术教育应该为农村劳动力流动提供支持,但是农村职业教育与培训的缺失及城市忽视农民工的培训,导致农村劳动力流动途径不畅,流动后发展受阻。应强化农村职业教育,加强城乡职业教育的统筹与联动,面向城市农民工,发展新形式的职业教育与培训,共同服务农村劳动力的流动。

The shift of laborers in rural China takes place in the context of industrial structure adjustment,continuous urbanization and widening gap between the rural and urban areas.Although VET is supposed to support the shift of surplus rural laborers,lack of VET in rural area and lack of training opportunities for migrant workers in the cities have hamstrung the shift of rural labor force and made their personal development nearly impossible.Therefore,not only does VET in the rural areas need to be strengthened but also new forms of VET need to be developed in the cities to serve the migrant workers,so that VET in both rural and urban areas can be coordinated to better facilitate the shift of rural laborers.