实验动物毛霉菌病临床与病理学观察

Observations of the Glinical and Pathological Manifestations of Mucormycoses in Experimental Animals

微小根毛霉（Rhizomucorpusillus）（A组）、足样根霉（Rhizopusrhizopodiform）（B组）、伞枝犁头零（Aosidiacorumoifera）（C组），均以1千万个孢囊孢子／ml的稀释度，兔每只（静脉）2ml，3～7d后，3组兔共12只全部死亡；B组豚鼠每只（腹腔）4ml，4～8d后3只豚鼠全部死亡；小白鼠每只（腹腔）1ml3～7d后，3组小白鼠14／16死亡，仅C组小白鼠存活2只，可见3种菌均属毒力甚强的条件致病菌，实验动物中以家兔最敏感，豚鼠和小白鼠次之．实验动物毛霉菌病的临床与病理变化基本一致，临床表现食欲减退或废绝、昏迷、磨牙、呼吸困难，血尿和血便，小鼠弓背，豚鼠死前尖叫，发病后期出现后肢瘫痪或四肢麻痹，有跳跃和转圈等种经症状。病理变化表现为全身感染，各脏器均呈现灶状或片状坏死，坏死灶以血管为轴心有明显血管炎及血栓形成，并可见菌丝有没出血管壁现象，实验动物毛霉菌病对内脏的亲和力以肾脏最强，是重要的靶器官．本实验以3种毛霉病的病原菌接种家兔，在其肾脏用扫描电镜观察发现由菌丝裂殖形成的球形，有分隔，顶端有条束状菌丝相联或残留小的菌丝痕迹，表面粗糙的膨大细胞。

Rhizomucor pusillus (group A ), Rhizopus rhizopodiforms (group B ) and Absidiacorymbifera (group C)were all made up suspended liquids containing 107 sporangiospores per millitre. Allthe three groups of tewlve rabbits died over 3～ 7 days after dosed i. v with 2 ml the above three suspendedliquids. All the guinea pigs died ovcr 4～8 days after dosed i. p with 4 ml suspended liquids of group B.14/16 white mice of three groups died over 3～ 7 days after dosed i. p with the three suspended lipuids,onlythe two mice in group C lived. Thus it can be secn that three species of mucors all belong to conditionalpathogenic fungi which have strong toxioity. Among the experimental animals, the rabbits is the mostsensitive, followed by guinea pig and mouseThe clinical manifestations and pathological changes were basically idential among the mucormycosesof the whole experimental animals. The clinical symptoms were anorexia or fast,coma,dyspnea, hematuriaand bloody stool. The mice arched their backs, guinea pigs screamed before death and showed palsy in hindlegs or paralysis in the four legs, leap and stroll in rings and other nerve symptoms in the latter stage of thedisease. The pathological changes were general infection. Al1 the organs showed loci and sheets ofnecrosis. Necorosis loci located around the b1ood vessel and had obovious angiitis, thrombosis and hyphaeprotruding the blood vessel walls. Kidney had the strongest affinity and was the important target orgn inexperimental mucormycoses.In this experiment,when the rabbits were inoculated with the three specise of mucors, using seanningelectron micoroscope observed in the kidneys the inflated cells formed by hyphae division are spherical,separate and stripy linked hyphae or small remained sear, as well as rough surface.