竞技能力的基本内涵、基本问题和基本属性

Basic Content,Basic Issues and Basic Attributes of Competitive Ability

对"竞技能力"这一概念的正确认识与准确把握,具有重要的理论与现实意义。本文采用文献资料和逻辑思维等方法对竞技能力的基本内涵、基本问题与基本属性进行了较为系统的梳理与探索。"竞技能力"是从事运动训练的"特殊能力",在运动训练中"竞技能力"具有其它事物一样的普遍性与特殊性矛盾关系;"竞技能力"的特殊矛盾主要有整体与部分、挖掘与潜能和形成与表现的矛盾;并强调必须牢牢抓住"竞技能力"形成与表现的主要矛盾。"竞技能力"的基本属性中,主要从一般意义上、哲学意义上和体育意义上的竞技能力的三个层面进行了分析。其中哲学意义上的竞技能力主要有整体性、动态性和复杂性三个基本属性;体育意义上的竞技能力主要有专项规定性、个体差异性、结构非衡性、等级层次性、时空变异性、转化递进性和相对稳定性七个基本属性。

It is of important theoretical and practical significance to have a correct understanding and accurate master of the concept of competitive ability.Based on documentation and logical thinking method,this paper conducts a relatively systematic research and exploration of the basic content,basic issues and basic attributes of competitive ability.Competitive ability is the special ability of doing sports training,and competitive ability has contradiction relation of universality and particularity as other things.The special contradiction of competitive ability mainly includes the contradiction of the whole and the parts,excavation and potential,and formation and perfor-mance,and it stresses the must to firmly grasp the principal contradiction of competitive ability i.e.formation and performance.The basic attributes of competitive ability are mainly analyzed from three levels,i.e.competitive ability in general sense,competitive ability in philosophical sense,and competitive ability in sports sense.Within which competitive ability in philosophical sense mainly has three basic attributes,i.e.integrity,dynamics,and complexity.Competitive ability in sports sense mainly has seven attributes,i.e.special stipulation,individual variation,structural imbalance,hierarchy,space-time variability,transformation progressiveness and relative stability.