镍纳米片的制备、表征及摩擦学应用

Preparation,characterization and tribological application of nickel nanopieces

采用液相化学还原结合界面生长法,以醋酸镍为母体,水合肼为还原剂,吐温-40为修饰剂,NaOH为pH调节剂,正丁醇为生长剂,制备了厚度15~27 nm、片长380~500 nm的镍纳米片.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和激光粒度仪对镍纳米片进行了表征.将镍纳米片、球形镍纳米颗粒作为基础油液体石蜡（LP）的添加剂,在UMT-Ⅱ摩擦磨损实验机上分别考察添加前、添加后LP的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明,镍纳米片的晶格参数膨胀率为0.971%,各晶面2θ相应增加;与基础油LP相比,添加纳米镍后,较大程度降低了摩擦副的摩擦因数,显著改善了LP的摩擦性能;就改善效果而言,镍纳米片优于球形镍纳米颗粒.

15 -27 nm thick and 380 -500 nm length nickel nanopieces were synthesized by coalescing oil-water interface growth method and liquid-phase reduction synthesis, using nickel acetate tetrahydrate as precursor, hydrazine hydrate as reductant, polyethylene sorbitan monooleate as modifier, and 1 - butanol as growth agent. The microstructures of these nickel nanopieces were characterized by powder X- ray diffractiometry, scanning electron microscopy, and laser granularity scatter analyzer. The XRD patterns indicate that the lattice parameters of these nickel nanopieces and the 20 for different crystal plane are enlarged. The anti-wear and reducing friction performance of liquid paraffin with either nickel nanopieces or nickel nanospheres as additive has been measured by ball-on-disk UMT- Ⅱ tribometer. It is found that the tribological property of liquid paraffin with either nickel nanopieces or nickel nanospheres is improved as its friction coefficient is decreased, which is better with nickel nanopieces than with nickel nanospheres.