宋代词人贬谪与词境之转变

On the Relegation of Poetry Writers in Song Dynasty and the transformation of Poetic Situation

两宋由于新旧党争以及主战主和之争产生了大量的贬谪文人,其中不乏词坛大家。贬谪使词人们离开繁华都市中的温柔富贵和青楼的笙箫、家宴的安乐,在谪途与贬所饱经磨难的同时开阔了眼界。万水千山行遍的经历让他们笔下的词境发生了两大转变:一是由狭小变为阔大;二是由柔媚变为刚健。而这两点转变正是词体"诗化"的重要表现,可以说,词人贬谪对词体诗化有着莫大的影响。

Because of the struggle between the New and Old parties, and the struggle between those who advocated war and those who advocated negotiation in both North and South Song Dynasties, there appeared a lot of poetry writers, hut relegation forced them to leave prosperous cities, nice music in brothels, and the happiness in families. At the same time of their suffering in exile and the derogatory way of life, they opened their horizon in writing poetry. Thus, their poetry situation changed in two great aspects： first, it was changed from small to a big and wide situation; second, it was changed from the type of being gentle to being energetic. And these two changes are exactly the important performance of the poetical change. So, it can be said that relegation of poetic writers had a tremendous influence on the poetical change of poetry.