辽宁省强对流性天气的气候特征分析

Climatic characteristics of severe convective weather in Liaoning province

利用1962—2008年辽宁强对流性天气观测资料,对冰雹、龙卷、雷雨大风和短时强降雨4种强对流性天气的气候特征进行统计分析。结果表明:辽宁冰雹沿海少、内陆多,内陆又以东、西部山区为最多;6月和9月为多发期;15—16时出现最多;83.9%的冰雹持续时间为0—10 min。龙卷沿海多、内陆少;7月和9月为多发期;13—14时和17—18时发生最多;75.0%的龙卷持续时间为5—20 min。雷雨大风沿海和内陆均存在多发区域;5—6月为雷雨大风多发期;15—16时出现最多。短时强降雨自西向东逐渐增加,主要出现在6—8月,21—22时出现次数最多;短时降水极值为26—105 mm/h。

Based on the observation data of severe convective weather in Liaoning province,the climatic characteristics of hail,tornado,thunderstorm and gale,and short-time heavy precipitation were analyzed.The results show that hail often occurs in inland regions of Liaoning province,especially in eastern and western mountains regions.However,it seldom occurs in coastal regions.Hail is frequent in June and September in a year and from 15：00 to 16：00 in a day.The lifespan of 83.9% hail is 0—10 min.Tornado often happens in coastal regions and seldom in inland regions.It is frequent in July and September in a year and from 13：00 to 14：00 and from 17：00 to 18：00 in a day.The lifespan of 75.0% tornado is 5—20 min.Thunderstorm and gale usually occurs in coastal and inland regions.It is frequent in May and June in a year and from 15：00 to 16：00 in a day.Short time heavy precipitation increases from the west to the east in Liaoning province.It is frequent from June to August in a year and from 21：00 to 22：00 in a day.Its extreme value ranges from 26 mm/h to 105 mm/h.