1Adams, M. J . & A. Collins. A schema - theoretic view of reading [A] . R. O. Freedte. In New Directions in Discourse Processing [ C]. New Jersey: Ablex Publishing Corporation, 1979.
2Carrell, P.L.& J.C.Eisterhold. Schema theory and ESL reading pedagogy [J].TESOL Quarterly, 1983, 17 (4).
3Rost, M.Teaching and Researching Listening [M]. London : Longman, 2002.
4Rubin, J . A review of second language listening comprehension research [J].Modern Language Journal, 1994, (78).
5Schank, R. C. & R. P.Abelson. Scripts, Plans, Goals and Understanding [M]. N. J .: LEA, 1977.
