高职护生临床实习前心理健康状况调查及干预对策

Investigation on psychological health status of nursing students in high vocational school before their clinical practice and intervention measures for them

[目的]了解某卫生学校高职护生临床实习前心理健康状况,探讨其有效的干预措施。[方法]应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对三年级和四年级护生进行心理健康状况调查,同时对四年级护生实施干预措施,比较干预前后SCL-90各因子评分情况。[结果]四年级护生SCL-90各症状因子评分中强迫症、躯体化、抑郁评分最高;躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖7项症状的因子评分均高于三年级护生(P<0.05);四年级护生干预后7项症状因子评分均低于干预前评分(P<0.05)。[结论]高职护生临床实习前普遍存在焦虑、抑郁等心理问题;实施有效的干预措施可改善高职护生实习前的心理健康状况。

Objective：To know about the psychological health status of nursing students in a high vocational health school before their clinical practice and to probe into effective intervention measures for them. Methods：Psychological health status of nursing students in grade three and grade four were investigated by filling out questionnaire and SCL-90. Nursing students in grade four were given intervention measures. Then the score of various SCL-90 factors of students before and after intervention were compared. Results： The score of compulsion,somatization and depression were the highest among various SCL-90 factors of nursing students in grade four. Totally seven factors scores （including somatization, compulsion, interpersonal relation sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility and fear） were all higher than those of nursing students in grade three （P0.05）. The score of seven factors of nursing students in grade four after intervention were lower than that of before intervention（P0.05）. Conclusion： Nursing students in high vocational school generally have anxiety, depression and other psychological problems before clinical practice. The implementation of feasible intervention measures can enhance the psychological health status of nursing students before their clinical practice.