爆轰法制备碳包覆铁镍合金纳米颗粒及其表征

Preparation of Carbon-Encapsulated Ferronickel Nanoparticles by Detonation Method and Its Characterization

对掺杂硝酸铁和硝酸镍复合炸药前驱体,采用爆轰法合成碳包覆铁镍合金纳米颗粒。通过XRD,TEM,XRF,VSM等方法对合成的碳包覆合金纳米颗粒的形貌特征、结构组成及磁性行为进行了分析表征。结果表明,通过有效调整前驱体中金属源材料比例和碳材料组成,可爆轰合成较为完美的核壳结构碳包覆铁镍纳米颗粒,所得球形的纳米颗粒尺寸主要分布在10～60nm范围内且分散性较好,组成核主要由不同比例的铁镍元素构成,外壳层主要由石墨碳构成;由室温下磁性分析可知,该纳米颗粒表现出良好的超顺磁性。

Carbon-encapsulated ferronickel nanoparticles were synthesized using the composite explosive precursors doping with iron nitrate and nickel nitrate by detonation method. The XRD, TEM, EDX, XRF and VSM were used to characterize the morphology components, phases and magnetism of nanocomposite particles. Results show that these nanoparticles has perfect core-shell structure and the grain size distribution are in a range of 10-60 nm. The composite particles whose coating shell were graphite carbon could be dispersed finely. The core of nanoparticles were composed of different mole ratio of iron and nickel to that of the above explosive precursors. The magnetic analysis indicate that the different composite nanoparticles have good superparamagetism at room temperature.