民族旅游仪式展演及其市场化运作的思考——以云南德宏景颇族“目瑙纵歌”节为例

On ethnic festival with ritual performance and its marketization operation——A case study of "Mu Nao Zong Ge",Jingpo,De Hong,Yunnan

节日,特别是带有民族宗教的节日,往往通过仪式的表演来体现其文化内涵。民族节日是民族文化最集中的展示载体。在旅游开发中,民族节日中的仪式展演是旅游者所青睐的旅游对象,往往成为一种重要的旅游资源被开发。"目瑙纵歌"节作为景颇族最隆重的节日,其仪式展演包含了景颇族众多的文化元素,为了使"目瑙纵歌"节更好地体现其文化内涵,满足旅游者体验的需求,同时避免节日文化在市场化过程中失色,有必要了解该节日的文化特质,并提出市场化运作的思考和建议,赋予该节日以经济的属性,从而使该节日文化在旅游环境下得到传承与保护。同时也可以对类似民族节日的合理开发和利用提供参考与借鉴。

Festival,especially the one with ethnic religion,can embody its cultural meaning through ritual performance,so ethnic festival with ritual performance is a kind of exhibition carrier of ethnic culture.In the tourism development,ethnic festival has become the tourism object that is fascinated by tourists and developed as a kind of important tourist resources.＂Mu Nao Zong Ge＂,the very important festival of Jingpo people,contains many cultural elements,so its importance is greatly attached by the local government and is put into the process of marketization.Different festivals have different structures;therefore different festivals have different development models.In order to make the festival satisfied by the tourists and avoid the lack of the festival culture in the process of marketization,it is necessary to understand the meaning of the festival.This article puts forward the suggestion of proper commercialization so that we can transmit and protect the festival culture in the context of tourism development.This case study can also provide a reference for the other ethnic festivals development.