关于街头官僚自由裁量权的综述

An Overview of Street-Level Bureaucrats' Discretion

自李普斯基于20世纪80年代开创街头官僚理论以来,街头官僚受到了国内外学者的广泛关注和讨论。经过30年的发展,街头官僚理论得到了不断发展和丰富。街头官僚的自由裁量权自始至终都是街头官僚理论的核心,因而学者们对此展开了激烈的讨论。综观国内外学者关于街头官僚自由裁量权所展开的讨论,大致可以归纳为两类:一是主张街头官僚合理合法地拥有一定程度的自由裁量权;二是主张削弱甚至是消除街头官僚的自由裁量权。

Since Lipsky started the theory of Street-level Bureaucracy in 1980s,street-level bureaucrats attract the attention of the experts and scholars domestic and abroad.After 30 years of development,the theory of Street-level Bureaucracy has been integrated and developed continually.Discretion is the core of the theory of Street-level Bureaucracy.Therefore the experts and scholars domestic and abroad have a heated discussion about the discretion of street-level bureaucrats.Throughout all the discussions,they generally can be divided into two types：one is that street-level bureaucrats should possess legitimate discretion to a certain extent,the other is discretion of street-level bureaucrats should be weakened and even eliminated.