学校和教师在考试方面还应该做些什么——谈美国大学如何进行课程考试

On the roles of colleges and teaches in examinations:introduction to and reflection on curricula examinations of American colleges

以系统的、质量的和全面的观点看待考试,就是不仅把考试看作是教学中的一个环节,还要把考试和教学的所有环节紧密相联。这样,考试工作就不仅是出题、考试、评定成绩和记录存档等,还要在考试前和考试后做大量与教学相关的各种前考试基础性工作和后考试的扩展完善性工作,使之通过学校管理和教师工作的不同链接,收到系统输出的高质量和好效果。基于这样的观点,针对中国高校课程考试的实际,介绍美国大学的做法和经验,研究其特点和作用。

Examinations should be viewed systematically from the point of quality and only as a link in the teaching process but also as a link closely connected with all the other teaching process. Therefore, examination work should include not only the tasks of making whole, not links in the examination papers, taking examinations, getting the scores of students through reading their answers, and recording the examinations and keeping them in archives, but also much fundamental work before examinations and much expanded completion work after examinations, which are related to teaching. As a result, the administration of colleges and the performance of teachers can be linked so that the whole system could output high quality and good results. Based upon the idea, this paper makes an introduction to the practice and experience of American colleges, and analyzes their characteristics and roles according to the reality of curricula examinations at Chinese colleges.